Four Domains Of Parenting In Italy

In the present chapter, the developmental trajectories of four parenting domains (i.e., parental warmth, behavioral control, rules/limit-setting, and knowledge solicitation) were examined in samples from Rome and Naples, Italy, followed from age 7 or 8 to age 17 or 18. All four parenting domains decreased over time. Specifically, both parent warmth and behavioral control were characterized by linear trajectories that decreased slightly over time in Rome and by quadratic trajectories that increased between ages 8 to 11 and then decreased from ages 11 to 17 in Naples. In addition, in both Rome and Naples, parent rules/limit-setting was characterized by a cubic trajectory that increased until age 12 and then decreased over time until age 18. Parent knowledge solicitation was best characterized by a linear trajectory that decreased over time. The predictive role of parents’ age at the time of the child’s birth, parent education, and child gender also differed by parenting domain and cultural site.