High-latitude supergiant V5112 Sgr: Enrichment of the envelope with heavy s-process metals

High-resolution (R = 60 000) echelle spectroscopy of the post-AGB supergiant V5112 Sgr performed in 1996–2012 with the 6-m BTA telescope has revealed peculiarities of the star’s optical spectrum and has allowed the variability of the velocity field in the stellar atmosphere and envelope to be studied in detail. An asymmetry and splitting of strong absorption lines with a low lower-level excitation potential have been detected for the first time. The effect is maximal in Ba II lines whose profile is split into three components. The profile shape and positions of the split lines change with time. The short-wavelength components of the split absorption lines are shown to be formed in a structured circumstellar envelope, suggesting an efficient dredge-up of the heavy metals produced during the preceding evolution of this star into the envelope. The envelope expansion velocities have been estimated to be V exp ≈ 20 and 30 km s−1. The mean radial velocity from diffuse bands in the spectrum of V5112 Sgr coincides with that from the short-wavelength shell component of the Na I D lines, which leads to the conclusion about their formation in the circumstellar envelope. Analysis of the set of radial velocities V r based on symmetric absorption lines has confirmed the presence of pulsations in the stellar atmosphere with an amplitude ΔV r ≤ 8 km s−1.