Exploring the mediating role of serum retinol-binding protein 4 in the relationship between sleep quality and insulin resistance in pregnant women.

Abstract Aims We aimed to explore the mediating role of plasma retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in the relationship between sleep quality and insulin resistance (IR) among pregnant women. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study including 263 pregnant women in the first trimester. Sleep quality was evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The ELISA and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was used to analyze plasma RBP4 and estimate IR. The mediating model was used to analyze the mediating role of RBP4 in the relationship between PSQI score and IR. Results In the multivariable linear regression model, the three terms were positively related with each other, PSQI score was positively associated with IR levels (β = 0.55, p Conclusions RPB4 may play a complete mediating role in the relation between sleep quality and insulin resistance in early pregnancy. Improvements in sleep quality in the first trimester may provide a pathway to reduce plasma RBP4, which is beneficial for less IR and GDM prevention.