A Detection System for Rail Defects Based on Machine Vision

In this work, a machine vision based detection system is designed and applied to identify the region of rail track need to be polished. The CCD industrial camera is employed to obtain the RGB color space images on the railway line in real time. To reduce the effect of environmental brightness, the obtained RGB space images are transformed into HSI color space. Then, the noise was removed from the grayscale image by the Gaussian blur to remove the interference elimination of the acquisition signal. According to the calculated saturation and hue values, the threshold of saturation and hue values is set for the following image segmentation, respectively. At last, the accurate position information of the rail track region needs to be polished is obtained for the subsequent grinding processing. By employing the machine vision system, high-efficient automatic rail defects grinding could be realized.