Stromal-Immune Cell Crosstalk Maintains Type 2 Immune Cell Populations within Visceral Adipose Tissue

Type 2 immune cells are key to the maintenance of healthy adipose tissue, however the cues responsible for the establishment and maintenance of adipose type two immune cells remain unclear. Rana et al. report a specialized stromal cell produces interleukin-33 (IL-33) that activates group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Activated ILC2s in turn produce type two cytokines that elicit further IL-33 production by the stroma in a positive feedback loop that maintains the type 2 immune cell network within visceral adipose tissue (VAT).