High speed, direct detection 1k Frame-Store CCD sensor for synchrotron radiation

This work presents the development of a high speed, direct detection, 1k Frame Store CCD camera for synchrotron radiation. We review the research and development of this detector from small scale prototypes to a megapixel sensor, highlighting design challenges and solutions, and reporting on the achieved imaging performance. Further, we report on performance improvements obtained by implementing a second-generation fast readout integrated circuit manufactured in 0.25µm CMOS technology, as well as a voltage buffer chip manufactured in high voltage 0.35µm CMOS technology. The camera presented in this paper is high vacuum-compatible to allow for soft X-ray detection.