Highly integrated autonomous microdosage system

For the first time a fountain pen is presented incorporating an electronically controlled fluid dosage system. The system is equal in size with conventional pens. It can be regarded as the first fully functional, highly integrated, miniaturized and self-sustaining microdosage system of its kind operating under real world conditions. The main components are a closed-loop control system, consisting of a thin-film liquid level sensor, a micro-valve and a bubble- and particle-tolerant fluidic system, as well as the involved power supply and control electronics. The pen has been optimized with respect to minimum energy consumption. It contains a programmable ASIC and is powered by two standard watch batteries ensuring operation over a period of 2 years under standard conditions.