Local Control of Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis
2012
textabstractSteroids are essential for vertebrate physiology during pre- and postnatal life. Whereas
the skeleton structure of cyclopenta[α]phenanthrene rings is common to all steroid
molecules, differences occur in methyl- of ethylgroups attached to the four rings or the
oxidation state of the carbon atoms in the rings (Figure 1).1 Endogenous production of
steroids is realized in steroidogenic tissues. From these tissues, steroid molecules can be
secreted into the circulation to act in an endocrine fashion. By binding to receptors in
target tissues they manipulate gene transcription, influencing a wide variety of cellular
functions. Steroids can also exert local effects in the steroidogenic tissues after secretion
into the extracellular space (paracrine or autocrine) or directly within the cell in which
they are produced (intracrine).
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