Synthesis of different nanometals using Citrus Sinensis peel (orange peel) waste extraction for valuable functionalization of cotton fabric

An eco-friendly process was used to impart multifunctional properties to cotton fabric using Citrus Sinensis peel (orange peel) extract. Two solvents have been used to prepare the extract, namely water and ethanol. Both extractions have been used as reducing and stabilizing agents in the synthesis of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Prepared extracts and synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized using different techniques such as total phenol content, antioxidant activity, particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared, transmission electronic microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The cotton fabric was treated with orange peel extraction, silver nanoparticles, and zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded with chitosan. The treated cotton samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, UPF value, antimicrobial activity, mosquito repellent effect, and self-cleaning properties.