Transformation Optics Concept: Definition and Tools

The exciting field of metamaterials has attracted the interest of researchers from all across the world over the past few years. With roots in the foundations of optics and electromagnetics, researchers are exploring the underlying physics of metamaterials. Electromagnetic metamaterials are artificially structured materials composed of periodic arrays of sub-wavelength resonating structures, scatterers or apertures, whose electric or magnetic response provides the ability to engineer dielectric or magnetic properties that do not exist in naturally occurring materials. The dielectric or magnetic properties can be tailored by changing the geometrical parameters of the constituent structure of the metamaterial.