Atividade antifúngica de extratos vegetais sobre o desenvolvimento de fitopatógenos

The formation of an ecological conscience and the search for the preservation of the environment have generated the need to test natural products, targeting an alternative control of plant pathogens. In this way aimed at evaluating the potential of ten aqueous extracts on the in vitro development of phytopathogenic fungi. Were conducted six experimental trials in a completely randomized design with 11 treatments and 10 replications for each assay. The treatments consisted of crude aqueous extracts of garlic, rue, cinnamon, clove, horsetail, eucalyptus, mint, jabuticaba, melon-of-sao-caetano and neem in the concentration of 20%, more the control treatment (only PDA). The trials were carried out with the fungus Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Cercospora kikuchii, Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium solani and Phomopsis sp. The extracts were filtered in paper wathman no 1, put in the water bath at 65oC for 1 hour, incorporated in PDA medium and after poured into Petri dishes, transferred to mycelial discs of pathogens (0.3 cm of diameter). Was determined the mycelial growth of the colony, the percentage of inhibition and the rate of growth of fungi. It was observed that the PDA medium containing the extracts of clove, garlic and cinnamon showed most antifungal activity on the plant pathogens, when compared to other extracts used, highlighting for the extract of clove, which inhibited the development of all pathogens tested.