Sea Sate and Sea Surface Wind Measurement by Spaceborne SAR in the Arctic Ocean

The Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) method and the MPI method are used to retrieve the sea state parameters (significant wave height, SWH) and ocean wave spectra from the Sentinel-1 Extra Wide Swath mode (EW) and Interferometric Wide Swath (IW) data acquired in the Arctic ocean. The Radar Altimeter (RA) and SWIM measurement are used to validate the retrieved SWH and the wave spectra, respectively. Both comparisons suggest good agreement between SAR retrievals and the reference data. The retrieved SWH by BPNN has a bias and an RMSE of 0.17 m and 0.71 m, respectively compared with RA data. The retrieved ocean wave spectra based on MPI method have a similar structure and energy distribution with the SWIM spectra, with a bias and an RMSE of 0.03 m and 0.7 m in terms of SWH. The further validation of the sea surface wind speed with the ASCAT and RA SSW show the stable performance.