Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Special Extract EGb 761 ® in Very Mild Cognitive Impairment (vMCI)

Objective: To assess effects of EGb 761 ® on cognition and quality of life in subjects with very mild cognitive impairment. Methods: We randomized 300 subjects aged 45 to 65 with cognitive complaints and low functioning (more than one standard deviation below appropriate norm) in at least one cognitive test to double-blind treatment with once daily 240 mg EGb 761 ® or placebo for 12 weeks. Results: The exploratory intention-to-treat analysis showed significant improvement (p < 0.025, one-sided) beyond practice effects for EGb 761 ® in a measure of attention (Vienna Test SystemWork Performance Series) and trends in favour of EGb 761 ® in measures of memory (Wechsler Memory Scale IIIFaces I, Appointments Test—delayed recall), and perceived physical health (SF36-factor score Physical Health). Cognitive effects were more pronounced and more consistent (p < 0.025 in 4 of 5 tests) in subjects with lower memory function at baseline. Specifically, practice effects in the more demanding tests were attenuated or absent in these subjects. Conclusion: Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 ® improved cognitive functioning and aspects of quality of life in subjects with very mild cognitive impairment.