Do T helpers 1 and 2 recognize different class II MHC molecules? Humoral and cellular immune responses to soluble allergen from Aspergillus fumigatus Asp f2.

Abstract Cellular signals leading to T helper (Th)1/Th2 shift are not well known. Here we demonstrate that Th1 possibly recognizes peptides presented by the IE molecule of MHC class II while Th2 is activated by the recognition of peptides presented by the IA molecule. BALB/c mice immunized with Asp f2 developed stable IA-restricted Th2 immune response to the 12th day after immunization, as analyzed by IL-2 production. On the contrary, early Th0 cells did not secrete IL-2 upon Asp f2 stimulation but did produce a high level of IL-2 if stimulated in the presence of anti-IA Abs. This effect of anti-IA Abs on early Th0 cells was both MHC IE and CD4 + cell restricted. In vivo blocking of Asp f2 peptide presentation by the IA molecule led to the formation of antigen-specific cytotoxicity as demonstrated using immune splenocytes as effector cells and Asp f2 loaded P815 cells as targets.