A navigation model for the Venusian atmosphere.

A static, exponential atmosphere model for Venus has been developed using period change data from the Pioneer Venus spacecraft. The model was derived from approximately 600 passages of the spacecraft through the upper Venusian atmosphere, or almost three full circulations of the planet. The model reflects several important, known atmospheric features (diurnal bulge, layering, etc.) and confirms several observations of a more sophisticated analysis. Several new phenomena were observed and successfully modeled.