Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease – overlapping or synergistic pathologies?

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most common neurodegenerative disorders in humans. They are characterized by insoluble protein deposits; β-amyloid plaques and tau-containing neurofibrillary lesions in AD, and α-synuclein-containing Lewy bodies in PD. As a significant percentage of patients have clinical and pathological features of both diseases, the patho-cascades of the two diseases might overlap. For the first time, new animal models that express multiple transgenes provide the tools to dissect the pathogenic pathways and to differentiate between additive and synergistic effects.