Review of x-ray collimators for x-ray proximity lithography

Simple arguments are given that elucidate the need for x-ray collimator optics in point source proximity lithography. Seven recent collimator optics deigns are briefly described. Three of these designs are described in greater detail: a flat mirror array developed by Xmetrics, Inc.; a polycapillary array developed by X-Ray Optical Systems, Inc.; and a scanning paraboloidal collimator developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. For the latter two collimators test results using the JMAR Technologies, Inc. laser plasma x-ray point source are given.