Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations in an individual single-crystalline bismuth nanowire grown by on-film formation of nanowires

Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) oscillations have been investigated in an individual Bi nanowire grown by on-film formation of nanowires that is a growth method producing extremely high-quality single-crystalline nanowires. The variation of observed SdH oscillations with transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields to the axis of the Bi nanowire is qualitatively consistent with the geometry of the highly anisotropic Fermi surfaces of Bi, and in turn, reveals the growth direction of the nanowires and demonstrates the high crystal quality. Our results demonstrate the vast potential of high-quality single-crystalline Bi nanowires for a variety of device applications and for fundamental investigations such as quantum transport.