Strategies of therapist interventions : a preliminary empirical study.

Forty-one categories of patient communications just before therapist interventions were identified from a review of psychotherapy transcripts. For each communication type, a set of possible therapist interventions was constructed. Descriptions of these interactions were sent in the form of a questionnaire to 350 experienced clinicians, who were asked to indicate their degree of agreement with each possible response. Ratings from the 141 responding clinicians showed little relation to age, gender, experience level, or orientation but showed marked differences for different response alternatives. A separate group of seven experienced clinicians used these data to develop a new categorization of 15 types of therapist interventions and 5 types of patient communications. A tentative information-processing model of patient-therapist communications is proposed.