Microstructure and phase transition of lead-free (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based ferroelectrics via different Li+ introduction sources

Lead-free 0.85(Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 )TiO 3 -0.10(Bi 1/2 K 1/2 )TiO 3 -0.05BaTiO 3 (BNKBT) ceramics with Li 2 CO 3 or (Bi 1/2 Li 1/2 )TiO 3 (BLT) added were fabricated by conventional solid oxide route. The XRD analysis indicated that Li 2 CO 3 introduction led to increasing fraction of tetragonal phase while BLT introduction gave a reverse tendency. Meanwhile, the depolarization temperature T d of Li 2 CO 3 -added BNKBT ceramics was clearly enhanced, while that of BLT-added BNKBT ceramics went down as the added amount increased. The similarity in variation of the phase structure and the T d of BNKBT ceramics revealed the nature of the Li + introduction source on phase structure in BNKBT ceramics.