Two-Level Data Dissemination for Energy-Efficient Routing in IoT-Based Wireless Sensor Network

The Internet of Things (IoT) is governed by the progressive growth in smart sensors, different communication technologies and various internet protocols. When the sensors are deployed in some remote areas, it becomes cumbersome to provide energy resources for their continual operations in IoT-based WSN (Wireless Sensor Network). Therefore, the main concern in such a network is the network longevity which is predominantly achieved by the energy-efficient routing techniques. Therefore, to resolve the above-said concern, in this paper, the cluster-based routing is considered that selects double Cluster Heads (CHs) in each cluster against the single CH in the conventional routing methods. While doing so, the data dissemination from the cluster members is done by the Primary CH (PCH), whereas the Secondary CH (SCH) helps in forwarding data to the next SCH after collecting it from PCH of its cluster. The multi-hop routing is followed and the nodes are of two-level energy heterogeneous in their configuration. The selection of PCH and SCH is done based on the residual energy, distance and node density. The proposed technique is named as EEDCH (Energy-Efficient Dual CH). It is observed that the proposed scheme outperforms the state-of-the-art protocols comprehensively, in terms of different performance metrics namely, stability period, network lifetime and network remaining energy.