Cav1.3 channel α1D protein is overexpressed and modulates androgen receptor transactivation in prostate cancers1

2014 
Abstract Widespread use of L -type calcium channel blockers for treating hypertension has led to multiple epidemiologic studies to assess the risk of prostate cancer incidence. These studies revealed a reverse correlation between the likelihood of prostate cancer risk and the use of L -type calcium channel blockers among men without family history but the mechanism was not clear. In this study, we examined the expression profiles of multiple L -type calcium channel genes in prostate cancers and determined their functional roles in androgen receptor (AR) transactivation and cell growth. By reanalyzing the ONCOMINE database, we found that L -type calcium channel CACNA1D gene expression levels in cancer tissues were significantly higher than noncancer tissues in 14 of 15 published complementary deoxyribonucleic acid microarray data sets, of which 9 data sets showed an increase of 2- to 17-folds. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining experiments revealed that CACNA1D gene and its coding protein α 1D were highly expressed in prostate cancers, especially in castration-resistant diseases, compared with benign prostate tissues. Consistent with the notion of CACNA1D as an ERG-regulated gene, CACNA1D gene expression levels were significantly higher in prostate cancers with TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion compared with the cases without this gene fusion. Blocking L -type channel’s function or knocking down CACNA1D gene expression significantly suppressed androgen-stimulated Ca 2+ influx, AR transactivation, and cell growth in prostate cancer cells. Taken together, these data suggest that CACNA1D gene overexpression is associated with prostate cancer progression and might play an important role in Ca 2+ influx, AR activation, and cell growth in prostate cancer cells.
    • Correction
    • Source
    • Cite
    • Save
    • Machine Reading By IdeaReader
    66
    References
    50
    Citations
    NaN
    KQI
    []