Analysis of differential expression of tight junction proteins in cultured oral epithelial cells altered by Porphyromonas gingivalis , Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide, and extracellular adenosine triphosphate

Defences against gum disease are bolstered via increased expression of the proteins that seal the gaps between oral epithelial cells. Previous work has indicated that these tight junction proteins are involved in gum disease, but their role is unknown. ZhongHao Liu from Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China, and colleagues investigated how Porphyromonas gingivalis, the most common bacteria associated with gum disease, affects the expression of tight junction proteins in cultured oral epithelial cells. In the early stages of infection, the expression of several tight junction proteins increased, particularly in the presence of extracellular ATP, an indicator of nearby cell damage. The findings provide insight into the early host response to P. gingivalis, the increased expression of tight junction proteins strengthening the seal between cells as a defence against bacterial invasion.