A framework for observer-based robust fault detection in nonlinear systems with application to synchronous generators in power systems

A nonlinear robust fault detection scheme for synchronous generators in power systems is presented. The higher-order model of a synchronous generator having nonlinearity in dynamics is considered. A nonlinear observer-based fault detection (FD) scheme is proposed so that the designed FD is robust against disturbances, uncertainties, and sensitive to faults. To this end, a mixed L /L induced norm-based framework is proposed, and various faults that are encountered in synchronous generators are investigated. The success of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through an application to IEEE 9-bus and 3-machine systems.