Organogenesis and efficient in vitro plantlet regeneration from nodal segments of Allamanda cathartica L. using TDZ and ultrasound assisted extraction of quercetin

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the instigative effect of thidiazuron (TDZ) on multiple shoot induction from nodal segments of Allamanda cathartica and estimated the flavonoid yield among the regenerants. High rate of shoot bud induction was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 0.3 µM TDZ from nodal segments exposed for 30 days. However, for shoot proliferation and elongation, TDZ exposed cultures were further cultured on MS medium devoid of TDZ and/or supplemented with different concentration of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and Kinetin (Kn). BA at 2.5 µM gave the maximum mean number of shoots (44.00 ± 1.30) and shoot length (7.50 ± 0.21 cm) per explant after 12 weeks of incubation in the secondary medium. The response of explant was influenced by the collection time. The highest rooting in the microshoots (5 cm) was achieved on 1/2 MS liquid medium supplemented with 0.5 µM Indole-3 butyric acid (IBA) which produced 4.50 ± 0.16 mean roots/shoot with 4.05 ± 0.17 cm mean root length. The leaves of 30 day old acclimatized plantlets were used for phytochemical screening. Ultrasonication mediated extraction and quantification of bioactive flavonoid namely quercetin through colorimetry and mass spectrometry analysis from the leaves of regenerants. Extraction was processed in methanol using 2 g leaf sample through sonication. Total yield of flavonoids and quercetin content was found to be maximum in 2.5 µM BA treated plants with respect to control and other treated samples. The concentration of total flavonoids was estimated to be 172.90 mg QE/g which yielded 51.39 mg/g quercetin. The study ensures a rapid cultivation of plantlets, thus enhancing the biomass production which may be utilized in the isolation and quantification of other biological potential compound for the use in treatment of various ailments.