The role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in prostate cancer.

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. BRCA1 and BRCA2 sequence variants and prostate cancer 3.1. BRCA1/2 founder variants in the Ashkenazi Jewish population 3.2. BRCA2 founder variant in the Icelandic population 3.3. BRCA1 founder variants in the Polish population 3.4. BRCA1 founder variant in the Galician population 3.5. BRCA1/2 variants in ethnically mixed population 3.5.1. United Kingdom (U.K.) population 3.5.2. Other populations 3.6. BRCA1 c.1067A>G (Gln356Arg) variant 3.7. IMPACT prospective study 3.8. Summary 4. BRCA1 and BRCA2 in prostate cancer biology 4.1. BRCA1 co-regulators 4.1.1. Direct binding of BRCA1 with androgen receptor (AR) 4.1.2. Direct binding of BRCA1 with Janus kinase (JAK) 4.1.3. Transcriptional complex of BRCA1/E2F-1/Rb and BRCA1/E2F-1/CtIP 4.1.4. BRCA1 regulates insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-IR) 4.2. BRCA2 co-regulators 4.2.1. Prostate neoplastic transformation 4.2.2. Prostate cancer progression 4.3. Chemical regulators of BRCA1/2 expression 4.4. Summary 5. Perspective 6. Acknowledgements 7. References