Shape gradient optimization for planar antenna arrays

This paper presents the results of a method for optimizing the shape of planar antenna arrays from imposed constraints (e.g. desired radiation patterns, gain or directivity). The direct scattering algorithm is based on an integral formulation of the EM problem. In order to have access to the sensitivity of each element on the desired parameter, the shape gradient is computed using the discrete derivative or using the adjoint state of the cost function. Different configurations of antenna arrays are studied for investigating the performance of the inverse algorithm and optimization method.