Adaptation of motor nerve fibers to physical activity

: The effects induced by training on the H-reflex of soleus and lateral gastrocnemius muscles have been studied on 19 adult male volunteers; out of these, 10 were non-trained subjects and the remaining 9 were top level athletes engaged in sports requiring very rapid and intense contractions (sprinters and volley-ball players). It has been observed that the latency of the M response is significantly higher in the athletes than in the non-trained subjects. Instead, no significant differences were observed between these two groups, concerning the latency of H response. The increase of M response latency is likely due to a decrease of nerve conduction velocity in the terminal part of motor fibers. The possibility that this conduction speed decrease could be dependent on sprouting and/or terminal branching growth of the motor nerve ending is discussed.