Analytical modeling and experimental validation of a V-shape piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer

In this paper, an analytical model of a V-shape piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is presented. The V-shape piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer has been widely applied to the piezoelectric actuator (ultrasonic motor), ultrasonic aided fabrication, sensor, and energy harvesting device. The V-shape piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer consists of two Langevin-type transducers connected together through a coupling point with a certain coupling angle. Considering the longitudinal and lateral movements of a single beam, the symmetrical and asymmetrical modals of the V-shape piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer are calculated. By using Hamilton–Lagrange equations, the electromechanical coupling model of the V-shape piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is proposed. The influence of the coupling angle and cross-section on modal characteristics and electromechanical coupling coefficient are analyzed by the analytical model. A prototype of the V-shape piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is fabricated, and the results of the experiments are in good agreement with the analytical model.