Nigella sativa seed extract protects against cadmium-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

Objective:  The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa (MENS) (Black seed) against cardiotoxicity of cadmium in albino rats.  Methods: Twenty five (25) male albino rats, weighing (150-170g), were randomly grouped into five groups: A-E. Group B (Negative Control) received intraperitoneal administration of cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 5mg/kg) only, group C received CdCl2 and low dose MENS (300mg/kg, oral), group D received CdCl2 and high dose MENS (600mg/kg, oral), group E (Positive control) received CdCl2 and Vitamin C (200mg/kg, oral), for 7 days. No treatment was administered to group A (Normal control). Cardiac injury was assessed by measuring serum levels of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine kinase (CK-MB) using standard methods. The heart was harvested for histopathological examination. Results: CdCl2 induced significant cardiotoxicity with marked elevation in the levels of biochemical markers of cardiac functions (p<0.05 or p<0.01); these were however attenuated by MENS. Histopathological examination of the heart sections supported the biochemical findings. Conclusion: Nigella sativa seed extract is potentially cardioprotective against harmful chemical toxins such as cadmium. Keywords: Cadmium, CdCl2, Nigella sativa, Medicinal food, cardiotoxicity