Transformation of X‐Ray polarization under dynamical grazing incidence diffraction

The transformation of the X-ray polarization under grazing incidence diffraction is studied. The dependencies of the parameters of the polarization ellipses for specularly reflected and diffracted waves in vacuum on the corresponding parameters of the incident wave with arbitrary polarization are found. Strong spatial crystal anisotropy close to the exact Bragg condition and the existence of two critical reflection angles manifest themselves in a steep change of the polarization state of the secondary waves near these points. It is shown that diffraction conditions exist such that an incident linearly polarized beam of X-ray quanta can acquire a high degree of circular polarization during the reflection process. [Russian Text Ignored].