In Vitro Effect of Apigenin and Danshen in Tibial Dyschondroplasia through Inhibition of Hsp90 and VEGF Expressions in Avian Growth Plate Cells

Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is one of the common skeletal abnormalities in fast growing birds causing major economic losses to avian industry. It is characterized by non-vascularized, un-mineralized and non-viable cartilage in tibial growth plate that fails to form bone. The aim of this study was to check the in-vitro effect of apigenin and danshen on heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions in avian growth plate cells treated with sub-lethal concentration of thiram. Initially, chondrocytes from chicken growth plates were isolated on cultured medium with and without various concentration of thiram to find out sub-lethal dose. Then, to check the effect of apigenin and danshen, the chondrocytes were treated first with sub-lethal (2.5 µM) concentration of thiram and then with different doses (10, 20, 40, and 80 µM) of apigenin and danshen. The mRNA expressions level of Hsp90 and VEGF genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The ...