Recent advances in tunable spin–orbit coupling using ferroelectricity

Spin–orbit coupling (SOC), describing the interaction of the spin and orbital motion of electrons with a variety of emergent phenomena, has driven significant research activity over the past decade. Here, we review the fundamental principles of SOC and its related physical effects on magnetism and spin–charge interconversion. A special emphasis is made on ferroelectricity controlled SOC with tunable spin-torque effects and spin–charge interconversions for potential applications in future scalable, non-volatile, and low power consumption information processing devices.