Determination of the number of binding sites and binding constant between diltiazem hydrochloride and human serum albumin by ultrasonic microdialysis coupled with online capillary electrophoresis electrochemiluminescence.

Abstract A simple, sensitive and selective determination of diltiazem hydrochloride (DLT) is described using capillary electrophoresis electrochemiluminescence (CE-ECL). The CE-ECL parameters that affect separation and detection were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range of DLT was from 0.02 to 100 μmol/L ( r 2  = 0.9983), with the detection limit of 5.1 nmol/L (3 σ ). The relative standard deviations of ECL intensity and the migration time were n  = 11). A new technique for determining of the number of binding sites and binding constant between DLT and HSA was developed using ultrasonic microdialysis coupled with CE-ECL. The number of binding sites and binding constant were 5.9 and 6.3 × 10 4  L/mol, respectively. The time required for ultrasonic microdialysis was 10 times less than that for traditional dialysis. Compared with traditional dialysis, ultrasonic microdialysis is simple, rapid, and should be applicable to a wide range of interactions of drugs and biomacromolecules.