A Technique of Calculating Heat Losses Through the Multi-Layer Solid – Gas Lining of Heating Furnaces

The lining of furnaces is an extremely important element of the construction of furnaces, serving to separate the work space of the furnace from the outside and reducing irreversible losses of heat. What is known as a solid – gas lining, or system of alternating layers of solid material and gas spaces, makes it possible to decrease the cost of the brickwork and reduce heat losses through the brickwork. A condition of ideal contact between the layers must be realized in a multi-layer, cast-in-place lining. The presence of pores and gas spaces complicates the process of heat transfer within the lining, which, in turn, tends to produce losses of heat from the work space of the furnace.