In vivo-induced suppression of T cell proliferation: the relationship between the specificity of induction and control.

Abstract We have previously shown that sc immunization of C57BL/10 (H-2 b ) mice with the tobacco mosaic virus protein (TMVP) or with its tryptic peptide number 8, representing residues 93–112 of TMVP, induces T cells which proliferate in vitro in response to TMVP and to peptide 8. In contrast, immunization of B10.BR (H-2 k ) mice either with TMVP or with peptide 8 induces T cells which respond in vitro to the homologous but not the heterologous Ag. In the present article, we report that in the B10.BR (H-2 k ) strain, ip prepriming with (TMVP) 7 days prior to sc immunization with peptide 8 causes a drastic reduction in the in vitro proliferative response of peptide 8-specific T cells while no such effect is seen in the congenic C57BL/10 (H-2 b ) strain. This suppression of T cell responsiveness can be transferred with TMVP-primed spleen cells. Moreover, deleting T cells from the transferred spleen cells abrogates the suppressive effect. In both H-2 haplotypes, ip prepriming with peptide 8 causes suppression of the proliferative T cell response induced by subsequent immunization with peptide 8. This prepriming has no effect on the response to TMVP immunization of B10.BR mice but does effect the response of C57BL/10 mice. Using various synthetic peptides to analyze the specificity of the suppression, we have determined that (1) T cells involved in the suppression of the proliferative T cell response to a single peptide determinant do not suppress the proliferative T cell response to other determinants on the protein antigen and (2) these T cells with suppressor function, and the proliferating T cells which are ultimately regulated, can exhibit specificity for the same epitope. These studies suggest that there may exist fundamental differences as to how T cells which participate in suppression and proliferating T cells (which include mainly T helper cells) recognize protein antigens.