Feedback and Affectivity in Intelligent Tutoring Systems

The learning process using computers started three decades ago. Several computer-based learning systems have been developed during these years. Computer-based learning systems are particularly appropriate for remote teaching and learning at any time and place, away from classrooms and do not necessarily require the presence of a human instructor (Alepis and Virvou in Expert Syst. Appl. 38:9840–9847, 2011, [1]). There are several types of computer-based learning systems such as Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI), Cognitive Tools (CT), and Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS).