Enhancing the Gain of Micro Strip Antenna with Cross-Shaped Parasitic Element for Microwave Imaging Applications

Microwave imaging is the technique of detecting the embedded object through electromagnetic fields at microwave frequencies. The back-scattered signals from an antenna are used to sense complex permittivity variations of imaging object. In this paper, Microstrip antenna with diamond-shaped patch is proposed from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz frequency range. This proposed antenna structure is implemented in FR-4 substrate. The Dielectric constant of chosen material is 4.3 with a thickness of 1.6 mm with cross-shaped parasitic elements for high gain and high bandwidth applications. The CST microwave simulation software is used to simulate the proposed antenna; it provides S11 value of less than-10 dB over the UWB region. The proposed antenna structure is used to employ hidden images or shielded objects.