Elements of Blackbodies Design

Some thermophysical and optical aspects of designing blackbodies are considered in this chapter. A general set of characteristics and parameters of blackbodies are derived from the typical requirements contained in the corresponding technical documentation. The most frequently used classification systems for blackbodies are examined. The issues discussed in this chapter include the techniques of blackbody heating, cooling, and isothermalization for fixed-point and various types of variable-temperature blackbodies and methods of improving the radiation characteristics of blackbody radiators.