Estimation of annual total livestock/poultry excrement in Henan Province

Based on statistical data and various related parameters,annual total excrement from main livestock/poultry in Henan Province was evaluated for 2008.The study shows that gross livestock/poultry excrement in 2008 comprises of 18 329.5×104 tons of feces and 9 790.8×104 tons of urine.The total livestock/poultry excrement contains 169.84×104 tons N,96.33×104 tons P,and 142.93×104 tons K.Among the main livestock/poultry (e.g.,pig,cattle,sheep,rabbit and chicken),pigs excrete the highest amount of feces,accounting for 39.5% of the total excrement.This is followed by cattle,accounting for 27.0% of the total excrement.83.4% of the livestock/poultry urine is also produced by pigs,followed by cattle (11.6%).The highest amount of livestock/poultry excrement comes from Zhumadian City,followed by Nanyang City,Zhoukou City,Shangqiu City and Kaifeng City.Excrement from these five cities accounts for almost half of total livestock/poultry excrement in Henan Province.Average excretion load of croplands is 40.79 t·hm-2,which is much higher than the 4.19 t·hm-2 national average.This finding suggests that rural environments of Henan Province are confronted with severe pollution and ecological risks.