Numerical investigation of spiral photonic crystal fiber (S-PCF) with supporting high order OAM modes propagation for space division multiplexing applications

This article proposes a spiral designed photonic crystal fiber (S-PCF) that supports 14 orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes for signal transmission and possess very low nonlinear coefficient and flat dispersion and it could assess for space division multiplexing applications. The core material of the proposed fiber is silicon because it shows excellent transmittance, low thermal response, chemically inert etc. The dispersion variations of 20–110 ps nm−1 km−1 for all OAM-modes are exhibited at 1.00 μm wavelength. In addition, overall dispersion distinction among all modes is under 10 ps nm−1 km−1. Besides, $$TM_{0,1}$$ and $$TE_{0,1}$$ modes are better in dispersion for its flat and low dispersion. Moreover, the nonlinear coefficient is very low that is 2.10 W−1 km−1 for $$EH_{5,1}$$ at 2.50 µm wavelength and the investigated confinement loss is always below than $$10^{ - 5}$$ dB m−1. In addition these basic optical parameters, few other properties such as numerical aperture and the effective-area are also computed. Considering all noble features, this proposed S-PCF is encouraging to be utilized in extra-capacity, large bandwidth and high-volume for optical fiber communication systems.