Performance Comparison of Various FACTS Devices in Combined LFC and AVR of Multi-Area System for Simultaneous Frequency and Voltage Stabilization

This chapter focuses on performance comparison of several FACTS devices in simultaneous frequency and voltage stabilization of combined load frequency control (LFC) and automatic voltage regulation (AVR) of multi-area realistic power systems. A classical Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is admitted as a secondary controller whose gains are optimized with proposed differential evolution-artificial electric field algorithm (DE-AEFA). The efficacy of the presented DE-AEFA algorithm is demonstrated by testing on standard benchmark functions and also on two-area model of thermal unit with reheat turbine structure reported in the literature. System dynamic performance is investigated by subjugating area-1 with 1% step load perturbation (SLP). Later, the investigation is carried out in the presence of various FACTS devices. The performance comparison of several FACTS devices with the proposed controller spotlights the significance of IPFC over others. Finally, the coordinated control strategy of IPFC-RFBs is investigated to boost up cumulative regulation of frequency and voltage.