MetallicWoodpile Nanostructures for Femtomolar Sensingof Alzheimer’s Neurofilament Lights
2020
Alzheimer’s
disease (AD), the most common age-related neurodegenerative
disorder, accompanies a massive degradation of neurons including axonal
injury. Being an axonal neuron-specific protein, neurofilament light
(NfL) is a blood biomarker that reflects the neurodegeneration in
AD, but no attempt has been made yet to develop sensing platforms
that target NfLs in blood serum or plasma. Here, we report three-dimensional
cross-stacked Pt nanowire arrays for the ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical
(PEC) detection of NfLs. We constructed a woodpile-like Pt nanowire
array (PtWP)-based biocathode by printing multilayer Pt nanowire arrays
in an orthogonal configuration and conjugating them with NfL-specific
DA2 antibodies. According to our collective electrochemical analyses,
the five-layered PtWP electrode modified with DA2 antibodies exhibited
high oxygen reduction activities due to the large electrochemical
active surface area and the effective electron transfer properties.
We have combined the DA2-PtWP biocathode with a water-oxidizing, iron
oxyhydroxide-deposited bismuth vanadate (FeOOH/BiVO4) photoanode
to assemble a bias-free PEC detection system. Powered by a white-light-emitting
diode, the unbiased PEC platform accurately recognizes NfLs in blood
plasma with the limit-of-detection of 38.2 fg/mL and limit-of-quantification
of 853 fg/mL, which is 40 times lower than the NfL levels in AD patients’
blood.
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