PSZSPT: a joint Planck and SPT-SZ cluster catalogue

We present the first cluster catalogue extracted from combined space- (Planck) and ground-based (South Pole Telescope; SPT-SZ) millimeter data. We develop and apply a Matched Multi-Filter (MMF) capable of dealing with the different transfer functions and resolutions of the two datasets. We verified that it produces results consistent with publications from Planck and SPT collaborations when applied on the datasets individually. We also verified that Planck and SPT-SZ cluster fluxes are consistent with each other. When applied blindly to the combined dataset, the MMF generated a catalogue of 419 detections ($S/N>5$), of which 323 are already part of the SPT-SZ or PSZ2 catalogues; 37 are new SZ detections, identified in other catalogues or surveys; and 59 are new unidentified candidates. The MMF takes advantage of the complementarity of the two datasets, Planck being particularly useful for detecting clusters at low redshift ($z 0.3$) sources. This work represents a proof of concept that blind cluster extraction can be performed on combined, inhomogeneous millimeter datasets acquired from space and ground. This result is of prime importance for planned ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments (e.g., Simons Observatory, CMB-S4) and envisaged CMB space missions (e.g., PICO, Backlight) that will detect hundreds of thousands of clusters in the low mass regime ($M_{500} \leqslant 10^{14} M_\odot$), for which the various sources of intra-cluster emission (gas, dust, synchrotron) will be of same order of magnitude and hence require broad ground+space frequency coverage with comparable spatial resolution for adequate separation.