Intención de lactar exclusivamente con leche materna: un estudio basado en la Teoría de la Conducta Planeada

espanolRESUMEN La lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) aporta diversos beneficios a la salud del nino y de la madre. La Teoria de la Conducta Planeada (TCP) es un modelo enfocado en la prediccion de algunas conductas relacionadas con la salud, como la LME. Elobjetivo de este estudio fue identificar la relacion de las variables de la TCP con la intencion de dar LME. Se llevo a cabo un estudio transversal con 442 mujeres embarazadas de la Ciudad de Mexico. Las variables de la TCP se midieron con instrumentos previamente validados. Un analisis de regresion logistica multiple, ajustado por paridad y edad materna, identifico asociaciones significativas entre la intencion de amamantar y la norma subjetiva, OR = 1.07 (IC 95% [1.01, 1.14]), y el control conductual percibido, OR = 1.05 (IC 95% [1.01, 1.11]), con la intencion. Como conclusion, en esta muestra se asociaron dos constructos de la TCP con la intencion de lactar de forma exclusiva. EnglishABSTRACT Breastfeeding provides health benefits to children and mothers. WHO recommends it be exclusive until 6 months of age. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) focus on the prediction of health-related behaviors, such as breastfeeding. Theobjective of this study was to identify the relationship of attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control with the intention of exclusively breastfeeding in a sample of Mexican pregnant women. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 442 pregnant women from Mexico City. Psychosocial variables were measured with a set of scales previously validated. A multiple logistic regression analysis, adjusted for the number of previous children and maternal age, identified significant associations between intention to breastfeed and one dimension of the subjective norm (participants’ mothers opinions), OR = 1.07 (IC 95% [1.01, 1.14]), as well as perceived behavioral control, OR = 1.05 (IC 95% [1.01, 1.11]). In the case of this sample, TCP constructs associated to the intention to exclusively breastfeed.