Single Event Effects: Mechanisms and Classification

Single Event Effects (SEEs) induced by heavy ions, protons, and neutrons become an increasing limitation of the reliability of electronic components, circuits, and systems, and have stimulated abundant past and undergoing work for improving our understanding and developing mitigation techniques. Therefore, compiling the knowledge cumulated in an abundant literature, and reporting the open issues and ongoing efforts, is a challenging task. Such a tentative should start by discussing the fundamental aspects of SEEs before reviewing the different steps that are necessary for creating comprehensive prediction models and developing efficient mitigation techniques.