Neuroanatomical correlates of dystonic tremor: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Purpose This study is aimed at investigating the neuroanatomical patterns characterizing dystonic tremor in comparison with essential tremor. Methods Voxel-based morphometry and cortical thickness data of 12 patients with dystonic tremor, 14 patients with essential tremor and 23 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were analyzed. Results Patients with dystonic tremor showed a thickening and increased gray matter volume (surviving whole-brain correction for multiple comparisons) of the left sensorimotor cortex when compared to other groups. Otherwise, patients with essential tremor were characterized by a subtle atrophy of the anterior cerebellar cortex. Discussion Our multimodal structural neuroimaging study demonstrated that patients with dystonic tremor and essential tremor are characterized by different neuroanatomical abnormalities. The involvement of the sensorimotor cortex in patients with dystonic tremor suggests that this disorder may share some pathophysiological mechanisms with focal dystonia.