Coherent Excitation and Control of S State Rydberg Six-wave Mixing

In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate a novel nondestructive optical detection method by coherently exciting and controlling the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-assisted six-wave mixing (SWM) process of S state Rydberg atoms in 85Rb vapour. By analysing the evolution regularity of the resonant SWM signals under various conditions, one can control the signal by altering the atom density and detuning and the strengths of the probe and coupling fields. The characteristics of this SWM process provide a potential application for spectroscopy physics and determining the interactions between optical fields and atoms.