Публічна сфера політики та демократичний політичний процес: параметри концептуальної демаркації

The emergence of the term of public sphere in social and philosophical tradition in ancient times and its revival in modern times, during the conceptualization of modernity were a number of steps that have shaped the transformation of the content of the public sphere. For ancient thinkers public sphere was a natural environment of the society functioning, the foundation of political activity. The main achievement of the ancient philosophical theory in research of the public sphere should be considered a combination of social and political meanings mentioned public sphere. This constitutive unity led to the development of the concept and phenomenon of the public sphere in the procedural context of democracy.Overview of mentions of the public sphere of social and philosophical constructs of the past enables to understand that the public sphere was a concept that served auxiliary element in building a holistic and systemic view of society, the state and government. However, references to the public sphere most of the sources are philosophical context. This political-philosophical foundations and empirical consideration of political and public spheres reveal the contents of institutional publicity.Publicity in politics - it’s both political and social, and individual and collective at the same time. It is a way of life of an individual and a way to stimulate the expression of his qualities in its relation to other people. Hence the need for differentiating factors of the political process and opportunities for public expression counterfactual political positions appears.Constituting of the publicity as the sphere of common social life in general is an important feature and the result of political and philosophical developments of this issue. Enlargement of the philosophical knowledge and reflctions on the public sphere, provided multiple and very full display of the public in art, in social activities. Formation of social philosophy as a special area of research, formed the ideological legacy, which, in turn, led to the emergence of comprehensive publicity and stereotypes about the public sphere.The specifid dimension complements the system vision of politics, allows us to formulate the relationship between facts of the political and the political ideosphere products that have not found a place in the functional structure of the system vision. Public sphere of politics as a construct and phenomenon, according to the author, is designed to simultaneously distinguish the «new» political interaction and represent in a new light «old» political phenomenon. For example, the phenomenon of political communication becomes important public representation.At the same time theoretical and methodological searching on the object of public political fild there is a need of substantial parts inventory of substantial public sphere of politics requiring the use of structural-functional approach. However, the structure and function of the components of public sphere of politics are defied as specifi status role in the political environment (structural elements) and the direction of their real impact on political reality. This creates conditions for demarcation of both conceptual separation of the political process and public sphere of politics as the plane of the potential of implementation of communicative process participants’ importance claims.Also the specifi factors identifiation that determine the media activity, in both cases classifiation state media carried a means of differentiation from ideal-typical condition as proposed within political theory. However, unilateral attempts to transform mediastructure at least in some respects it may encounter on lack of understanding of the major players. That can mean either a lack of innovation or sharp short-term changes that destabilize the situation and again lead to a push towards building a democratic public sphere of politics.A special aspect of the media as part of the current public sphere of politics is the development of political and social networks, in which citizens are able to communicate, to defend their positions and on condition of anonymity to assess the current social and political situation. However, the development of new communication systems does not lead to the formation of a genuine public sphere as political actors are trying to use it for their own purposes.