生物处理回收废旧电池中金属的研究进展 Research Development of Metals Recycling in the Biotreatment of Waste Batteries

随着电池生产量和消费量的迅猛扩增，废弃电池中的重金属对环境介质造成的污染也在不断加剧，废弃电池中含有大量的镍、钴、镉、锰等金属有用成分，不进行回收利用，势必造成资源浪费。所以对废旧电池回收利用的研究是非常有价值的。本文综述了电池的种类、所含金属元素及可以回收废旧电池中金属元素的微生物类型，阐述了国内外生物回收废旧电池中金属元素的最新研究进展，着重介绍了回收金属元素的技术方法及工艺装置，并对未来废旧电池中金属元素生物回收的发展趋势提出了展望。 With the rapid growth of battery production and consumption, the pollution caused by heavy metals in disused batteries is also increasing, and there are a lot of useful ingredients in the waste battery such as nickel, cobalt, cadmium, and manganese; if not recycled, it is bound to cause waste of resources. So the waste battery re-cycling research is quite valuable. This paper summarizes the types of batteries, the metal elements in batteries and the types of microorganisms that can recover the metal elements in the used batteries. The latest research progress of the metal bio-recycling in the waste batteries of domestic and foreign is expounded. The main techniques methods and process installations of recycling metal elements are introduced. Finally, the development trend of metal element bio-recycling in waste batteries is prospected.